Ethernet IEEE 802.3 Standards
- a summary of the Ethernet, IEEE 802.3, standards and their release dates.
• Ethernet IEEE 802.3 standards
• Ethernet data frame structure
• 100 Mbps Ethernet inc 100 Base-T
• Gigabit Ethernet 1GE
• Ethernet cables
• Power over Ethernet, 802.3af & 802.3at
As a result of this the IEEE standards committee for Ethernet has introduced new standards to define higher performance variants. Each of the Ethernet IEEE 802.3 standards is given a different reference so that it can be uniquely identified.
In addition to this the different IEEE 802.3 standards may be known by other references that reflect the different levels of performance. These are also defined below.
IEEE 802.3 standards
The IEEE 802.3 standard references all include the IEEE 802.3 nomenclature as standard. Different releases and variants of the standard are then designated by different designated letters after the 802.3 reference, i.e. IEEE 802.3*. These are defined in the table below.
| STANDARD SUPPLEMENT | YEAR | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|---|
| 802.3a | 1985 | 10Base-2 (thin Ethernet) |
| 802.3c | 1986 | 10 Mb/s repeater specifications (clause 9) |
| 802.3d | 1987 | FOIRL (fiber link) |
| 802.3i | 1990 | 10Base-T (twisted pair) |
| 802.3j | 1993 | 10Base-F (fiber optic) |
| 802.3u | 1995 | 100Base-T (Fast Ethernet and auto-negotiation) |
| 802.3x | 1997 | Full duplex |
| 802.3z | 1998 | 1000Base-X (Gigabit Ethernet) |
| 802.3ab | 1999 | 1000Base-T (Gigabit Ethernet over twisted pair) |
| 802.3ac | 1998 | VLAN tag (frame size extension to 1522 bytes) |
| 802.3ad | 2000 | Parallel links (link aggregation) |
| 802.3ae | 2002 | 10-Gigabit Ethernet |
| 802.3as | 2005 | Frame expansion |
| 802.3at | 2005 | Power over Ethernet Plus |
New technologies are being added to the list of IEEE 802.3 standards to keep pace with technology.
Ethernet terminology
There is a convention for describing the different forms of Ethernet. For example 10Base-T and 100Base-T are widely seen in the technical articles and literature. The designator consists of a three parts:
- The first number (typically one of 10, 100, or 1000) indicates the transmission speed in megabits per second.
- The second term indicates transmission type: BASE = baseband; BROAD = broadband.
- The last number indicates segment length. A 5 means a 500-meter (500-m) segment length from original Thicknet. In the more recent versions of the IEEE 802.3 standard, letters replace numbers. For example, in 10BASE-T, the T means unshielded twisted-pair cables. Further numbers indicate the number of twisted pairs available. For example in 100BASE-T4, the T4 indicates four twisted pairs.
The Ethernet IEEE 802.3 standards are continually being updated to ensure that the generic standard keeps pace with constant advance of technology and the growing needs of the users. As a result, IEEE 802.3, Ethernet is still at the forefront of network communications technology, and it appears it will retain this position of dominance for many years to come. In addition to the different IEEE 802.3 standards, the terminology used to define the different flavours is also widely used for defining which Ethernet variant is used.
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